〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう)
chau / jau
By Nihongo PathUpdated
This form is also taught at JLPT N4, where it carries a different sense or register.
Meaning
end up …ing / do… completely (casual contraction of 〜てしまう)
〜ちゃう is how 〜てしまう sounds in relaxed speech: 忘れちゃった = 忘れてしまった "oops, I forgot". It expresses regret (something bad happened) or completion (all done). After a て-form that ends in で (読んで, 飲んで), it becomes 〜じゃう: 読んじゃう, 飲んじゃう.
Casual conversation with friends and family, drama and anime dialogue, listening tests. Never in essays or formal emails, where you write 〜てしまう. 〜ちゃいます is a casual-polite hybrid heard in friendly shops and offices.
Formation
V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
て-form ending in て → replace て with ちゃう (食べて → 食べちゃう)て-form ending in で → replace で with じゃう (飲んで → 飲んじゃう)Past: ちゃった / じゃった; Polite: ちゃいます / じゃいますNegative: ちゃわない; Volitional: ちゃおう
Visual diagram
- Step 1忘れてしまったI forgot (standard 〜てしまう)
- Step 2忘れちゃったsame meaning, casual (て + しまった → ちゃった)
- Step 3飲んでしまった → 飲んじゃったで-type て-form → じゃった
Natural examples
宿題を忘れちゃった。
しゅくだいをわすれちゃった。
I forgot my homework (oops).
Regret: forgot homework.
財布をなくしちゃったんだ。
さいふをなくしちゃったんだ。
I've gone and lost my wallet.
Regret: lost a wallet; んだ adds explanation.
ケーキ、全部食べちゃったの?
ケーキ、ぜんぶたべちゃったの?
Did you eat all the cake?
Completion: ate it all.
そんなに飲んだら、酔っちゃうよ。
そんなにのんだら、よっちゃうよ。
If you drink that much, you'll get drunk.
Future/likely outcome: 酔ってしまう → 酔っちゃう.
先に食べちゃおうか。
さきにたべちゃおうか。
Shall we just go ahead and eat?
Volitional ちゃおう: 'let's just do it'.
Similar grammar and the difference
〜てしまう
Same meaning, standard form for writing and formal speech.
Contraction of 〜ておく (preparation), not of 〜てしまう. Compare side by side
Contraction of 〜ている (progress or state). Compare side by side
Common mistakes
- ✗
- 飲んちゃった
- ✓
- 飲んじゃった
- Why
- After a で-type て-form (飲んで), the contraction is じゃう.
- ✗
- レポートで「忘れちゃいました」と書く
- ✓
- 忘れてしまいました
- Why
- ちゃう is spoken and casual; formal writing needs てしまう.
- ✗
- 食べちゃった → translated as 'I want to eat'
- ✓
- 'I ate it (all / by mistake)'
- Why
- ちゃった is the past of てしまう; it has nothing to do with wanting.
Pairs to hear: 行っちゃった, 言っちゃった, 死んじゃった, 読んじゃった, しちゃった, 来ちゃった. In listening, ちゃった at the end of a sentence often signals a problem (lost, broke, forgot). Kansai speech uses 〜てもうた instead; the JLPT uses standard ちゃう.
JLPT N3 tips
On the exam
- Choose ちゃう vs じゃう by the て-form: て → ちゃう, で → じゃう.
- In 聴解, treat ちゃった as てしまった and listen for what went wrong.
- If the register is formal (です・ます letter, report), the contraction is wrong.
Frequently asked questions
What does 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう) mean?
end up …ing / do… completely (casual contraction of 〜てしまう). 〜ちゃう is how 〜てしまう sounds in relaxed speech: 忘れちゃった = 忘れてしまった "oops, I forgot". It expresses regret (something bad happened) or completion (all done). After a て-form that ends in で (読んで, 飲んで), it becomes 〜じゃう: 読んじゃう, 飲んじゃう.
How do you form 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう)?
て-form ending in て → replace て with ちゃう (食べて → 食べちゃう) / て-form ending in で → replace で with じゃう (飲んで → 飲んじゃう) / Past: ちゃった / じゃった; Polite: ちゃいます / じゃいます / Negative: ちゃわない; Volitional: ちゃおう. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
When is 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう) used?
Casual conversation with friends and family, drama and anime dialogue, listening tests. Never in essays or formal emails, where you write 〜てしまう. 〜ちゃいます is a casual-polite hybrid heard in friendly shops and offices.
What is the difference between 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう) and 〜てしまう?
Same meaning, standard form for writing and formal speech.
What is the difference between 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう) and 〜とく?
Contraction of 〜ておく (preparation), not of 〜てしまう.
What is a common mistake with 〜ちゃう / 〜じゃう (contraction of 〜てしまう)?
Wrong: 飲んちゃった Right: 飲んじゃった After a で-type て-form (飲んで), the contraction is じゃう.
Quick check
ごめん、君の傘、間違えて持って( )。